Possible present day habitats for life on Mars (Including potential Mars special regions): Difference between revisions

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*'''''black yeast''''' Exophiala jeanselmei, also adapted and recovered metabolic activity during exposure to a simulated Mars environment for 7 days using only night time humidity of the air; no chemical signs of stress.<ref name="ZakharovaMarzban2014"/>
* '''''Methanogens such as [[Methanosarcina barkeri]]'''''<ref name=Nixon/> - only require CO<sub>2</sub>, hydrogen and trace elements. The hydrogen could come from geothermal sources, volcanic action or action of water on basalt.
* '''''Lichens''''' such as [[Xanthoria elegans]], Pleopsidium chlorophanum,<ref name="DLRLichenHabitable">{{cite journal|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/31019036.pdf|last1=de VeraSchulzeVera|first1=Jean-Makuch2014Pierre|last2=Schulze-Makuch|first2=Dirk|last3=Khan|first3=Afshin|last4=Lorek|first4=Andreas|last5=Koncz|first5=Alexander|last6=Möhlmann|first6=Diedrich|last7=Spohn|first7=Tilman|title=Adaptation of an Antarctic lichen to Martian niche conditions can occur within 34 days|journal=Planetary and Space Science|volume=98|year=2014|pages=182–190|issn=0032-0633|doi=10.1016/j.pss.2013.07.014|bibcode=2014P&SS...98..182D|quote=This work strongly supports the interconnected notions (i) that terrestrial life most likely can adapt physiologically to live on Mars (hence justifying stringent measures to prevent human activities from contaminating / infecting Mars with terrestrial organisms); (ii) that in searching for extant life on Mars we should focus on "protected putative habitats"; and (ii) that early-originating (Noachian period) indigenous Martian life might still survive in such micro-niches despite Mars' cooling and drying during the last 4 billion years|}}</ref> and Circinaria gyrosa - some of these are able to metabolize and photosynthesize slowly in Mars simulation chambers using just the night time humidity, and have been shown to be able to survive Mars surface conditions such as the UV in Mars simulation experiments.<ref name="sciencedirect.com">{{cite journal|url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1754504812000098 | doi=10.1016/j.funeco.2012.01.008 | volume=5 | issue=4 | title=Lichens as survivors in space and on Mars | year=2012 | journal=Fungal Ecology | pages=472–479 | last1 = de Vera | first1 = Jean-Pierre}}</ref><ref name="norlx51.nordita.org"/><ref name="Issue 1 2012, Pages 102"/><ref>[http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014cosp...40E2015M Circinaria gyrosa, a new astrobiological model system for studying the effects of heavy ion irradiation], María Luisa Martín; Ralf Moeller; Rosa De la Torre Noetzel, ; M. Marina Raguse,
40th COSPAR Scientific Assembly. Held 2–10 August 2014, in Moscow, Russia, Abstract F3.3-9-14. Bibliographic Code:
2014cosp...40E2015M</ref><ref>[http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014cosp...40E.650D Survival of the lichen model system Circinaria gyrosa before flight to the ISS (EXPOSE R2 mission)], Rosa De la Torre Noetzel,